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The hormonal system (called the endocrine system in medical terminology) has various glands that release different hormones.

Hormones are like the body’s communication system. They take messages from one part of the body (the gland) to tell another part of the body (the target cell) to do something important. The endocrine glands influence reproduction, metabolism, growth and many other functions.

Below is a list of the main glands (see diagram for their location), some of the hormones they produce and what effects they have on the body.

Hypothalamus: an area in the base of the brain that links the brain to the hormonal system.

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The endocrine system.

  • major hormones — anti-diuretic hormone (ADH), oxytocin, dopamine, corticotrophin releasing hormone, thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH), gonadotrophin releasing hormone (GnRH), growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin
  • influences — they hypothalamus links the hormonal and nervous systems. Its hormones keep the body stable. They influence sleep rhythms, alertness, appetite, body weight, thirst, blood pressure, heart rate, sex drive, learning, memory, mood and how the body responds to being sick

Pituitary gland: a kidney bean-shaped gland in the base of the brain.

  • major hormones — luteinising hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), prolactin, growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH)
  • influences — the pituitary gland helps control other glands and makes hormones that control blood pressure, blood sugar levels, response to stress, menstruation, sperm production, bone growth, muscle mass, contractions during childbirth, making breastmilk and bonding between mother and baby

Other glands

Pineal gland: a small gland near the centre of the brain.

  • major hormones — melatonin
  • influences — sleep cycle

Thyroid gland: a small gland in the front of the neck, wrapping around the windpipe.

  • major hormones — tri-iodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), calcitonin
  • influences — metabolism, bone growth, energy levels, body temperature, how the cells use oxygen, heart rate, blood flow, calcium levels, vitamin metabolism, brain development in babies and children, and reproduction

Parathyroid glands: four small glands in the neck behind the thyroid gland.

  • major hormones — parathyroid hormone (PTH)
  • influences — regulating calcium levels in the blood

Adrenal glands: 2 glands that sit above the kidneys on each side of the body.

  • major hormones — adrenaline, cortisol, aldosterone, DHEA, testosterone
  • influences — stress response and blood pressure/salt and water control, blood sugar levels, energy, development of sex organs, heart rate, attention, inflammation, development of the fetus

Supply the needed information in the table choose your answer from the box below brainly
The parathyroid glands.

Pancreas: a long gland behind the stomach, under the liver.

  • major hormones — insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)
  • influences — blood sugar control

Ovaries (females only): 2 glands found on each side of the uterus in the pelvis.

  • major hormones — oestrogen, progesterone, testosterone, anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), Inhibin A and Inhibin B
  • influences — female characteristics, storing and releasing eggs

Testes (males only): 2 glands in the scrotum, behind the penis.

  • major hormones — testosterone, anti-mullerian hormone (AMH), estradiol, inhibin B
  • influences — male characteristics, sperm production

Find out more about the hormonal system.

Stephanie (2018, February 5). What to do if your Obamacare 1095-A column B is zero. Poorer than you. http://poorerthanyou.com/category/taxes/

APA Style on citing Blogs

Wikipedia

When citing Wikipedia, cite an archived version of a Wikipedia page so that readers can retrieve the version you used.

*Access the archived version on Wikipedia by selecting “View history” and then the time and date of the version you used.

*If a wiki does not provide permanent links to archived versions of the page, include the URL for the entry and a retrieval date.

Business performance management. (2018, January 25). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_performance_management

Neurology. (n.d.). In Wikipedia. Retrieved December 15, 2017 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurology

APA Style Blog on citing Wikipedia

Entire blog, wiki, or personal website

"In my paper, I mention a blog. I refer to the blog as a whole, and I am not discussing a specific blog post. Do I need to create an in-text citation and a reference list citation?"

No. All you need to do is include the URL within the body of your paper, and you do not need to include the website and URL in your reference list at the end of the paper. In APA Style there is no specific formatting recommendations.

Two examples for mentioning the entire blog, wiki or personal website.  In the body of the paper:

1) At age 22, blogger Stephanee (Stephanie), started her the blog Poorer Than You (http://poorerthanyou.com). The posts are aimed at millennials and provide financial advice on a variety of topics.

2) I have learned a lot by reading the Psych Learning Curve blog (http://psychlearningcurve.org). This blog is an excellent resource for teachers.

Posts and information found within blogs, wikis and personal websites are likely to change and be updated frequently. Therefore, when citing these sources you need to include the retrieved date - this is the date you found it.

If there is no date, use (n.d.).

Titles for items in online communities are NOT italicized.

If the author's name is not available, provide the screen name or use the title in place of the author.

Format with author: 

Author, A. A. (Year, Month Day web page was last updated). Title of Blog site. URL

Format no author: 

Title of page. (Year, Month Day web page was last updated). Title of Blog site. Retrieved date from URL


Page 2

"APA Style has special formatting rules for the titles of the sources you use in your paper, such as the titles of books, articles, book chapters, reports, and webpages. The different formats that might be applied are capitalization (see Publication Manual, section 4.15), italics (see section 4.21), and quotation marks (see section 4.07), and they are used in different combinations for different kinds of sources in different contexts."

Here are the rules you need to know: APA Style Blog. How to Capitalize and Format Reference Titles in APA Style

 

Is the formatting of an in-text article title different from the reference list?

Yes. Here are the rules you need to know: APA Style Blog. How to Capitalize and Format Reference Titles in APA Style

 

What do I do when the title ends in a question mark or exclamation point?

Keep the original punctuation and do not add any extra. In the example below, the question mark at the end of the title takes the place of the period we would have otherwise inserted. There is no need to have two punctuation marks in a row. Source: APA Style Blog

Bushman, B. J., Baumeister, R. F., & Stack, A. D. (1999). Catharsis, aggression, and persuasive influence: Self-fulfilling or self-defeating prophecies? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 76, 367–376. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.76.3.367


Page 3

Film, Video, or DVD

Director's last name, first initial (Director), & director's last name, first initial
             (Director). (Year of the film's release).  Film Title. [Film]. Name of the movie studio.

Examples:

     1.  Hitchcock, A. (Director). (1941). Suspicion. [Film]. Turner.

     2.  Coppola, F (Director).  (1972).  The Godfather.  [Motion picture]. Paramount Pictures.

Television Series

Executive Producer’s last name, first initial (Executive Producer).  (Date rate of release).  Title of
          broadcast.  [TV series]. Production Company(s).

Example:

     Crane, D & Kauffman, M (Executive Producers).  (1994).  Friends [TV series]. National Broadcasting Company.

Single Episode of a Television Series

Writer’s last name, first initial (Writer), & Director’s last name, first initial (Director).           (Original air date). Title of episode (Season number, Episode number) [TV series episode]. In

          Producer(s) first initial, last name (Executive Producer), Series title. Production Company(s).

Example:

Carlock, R. (Writer), & Halvorson, G (Director).  (2003).  The one with the cake
          (Season 10, Episode 4) [TV series episode].  In D. Crane & M. Kauffman (Executive Producers), Friends. National Broadcasting Company.

Music Recording

Recording artists's last name, first initial. (Year of release). Title of song [Album]. Title of album [Album]. Label.

Example:

John, Elton (1975). Someone saved my life tonight. Captain fantastic and the brown dirt cowboy [Album]. MCA.

Image

Photographer's last name, first initial. (Year of Publication). Title of photograph [Photograph]. Source. URL (if retrieved electronically)

Example:

Kulbis, M. (2006). Men pray [Photograph], Retrieved April 12, 2006. Source. http://accuweather.ap.org/cgi-bin/aplaunch.pl

Presentation slides

Author. (Publication date). Title of presentation [Type of material]. URL

Example:

Kapterev, Alexei.  (2007). Death by PowerPoint [PowerPoint slides]. http://www.slideshare.net/thecroaker/death-by-powerpoint