This is where you start to do critical reading and write your understanding and reaction to what you are reading. This will help you appreciate the texts you are reading and will also develop your critical thinking skills. These competencies are covered in the following lessons:
Objectives: Here are the things that you are expected to learn at the end of this module: 1. differentiate the different approaches in literary criticism, 2. write objective assessments, and 3. express ideas in appropriate language and manner.
English for Academic and Professional Purposes QUARTER 1– MODULE 3: Summarizing Academic Texts English for Academic and Professional Purposes Alternative Delivery Mode Quarter 1-Module 3: Summarizing Academic Texts First Edition, 2020 Republic Act 8293. Section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties. Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names, trademarks, etc.) included in this learning resource are owned by their respective copyright holders. DepEd is represented by the Filipinas Copyright Licensing Society (FILCOLS), Inc. in seeking permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners. All means have been exhausted in seeking permission to use these materials. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them. Published by the Department of Education Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio Development Team of the Module Writer: Ma. Ragie P. Tabotabo Editor: Desiree T. Roberts Reviewers: Marivic Yballe (Moderator) Dr. Clavel D. Salinas Illustrator: Ma. Ragie P. Tabotabo Layout Artist: Ma. Ragie P. Tabotabo Management Team Schools Division Superintendent: Dr. Marilyn S. Andales, CESO V Assistant Schools Division Superintendents: Dr. Cartesa M. Perico Dr. Ester A. Futalan Dr. Leah B. Apao Chief, CID: Dr. Mary Ann P. Flores Chief, SGOD: Dr. Novie O. Mangubat EPS—LRMDS: Mr. Isaiash T. Wagas SHS Division Coordinator: Dr. Clavel D. Salinas Printed in the Philippines by: Department of Education– Region VII, Division of Cebu Province Office Address: IPHO Bldg. Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City Telefax: (032) 255-6405 Email Address: [email protected] ii English for Academic and Professional Purposes QUARTER 1– MODULE 3: Summarizing Academic Texts iii Key Message For the Facilitator: Learning is a constant process. Amidst inevitable circumstances, Department of Education extends their resources and looks for varied ways to cater your needs and to adapt to the new system of Education as a fortress of Learning Continuity Plan. One of the probable solutions is the use of Teacher-made Educational Modules in teaching. You are reading the English for Academic and Professional Purposes—Senior High School First Quarter Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “Uses various techniques in summarizing a variety of academic texts (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Iac-4)” as written and found in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies. The creation of this module is a combined effort of competent educators from different levels and various schools of Department of Education-Cebu Province. In addition, this module is meticulously planned, organized, checked and verified by knowledgeable educators to assist you in imparting the lessons to the learners while considering the physical, social and economical restraints in teaching process. The use of Teacher-made Educational Module aims to surpass the challenges of teaching in a new normal education set-up. Through this module, the students are given independent learning activities, which embodies in the Most Essential Learning Competencies based from the K-12 Curriculum Competencies, to work on in accordance to their capability, efficiency and time. Thus, helping the learners acquire the prerequisite 21 st Century skills needed with emphasis on utmost effort in considering the whole well being of the learners. In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module: Notes to the Teacher! This part of the module gives you helpful tips, suggestions or strategies that will make the learning process easy and efficient to the learners. As the main source of learning, it is your top priority to explain clearly on how to use this module to the learners. While using this module, learner’s progress and development should be recorded verbatim to assess their strengths and weaknesses while doing the activities presented independently in safety of their homes. Moreover, you are anticipated to persuade learners to comply and to finish the modules on or before the scheduled time. iv For the Learner: As a significant stakeholder of learning, Department of Education researched and explored on innovative ways to address your needs with high consideration on social, economic, physical and emotional aspects of your well being. To continue the learning process, DepEd comes up with an Alternative Delivery mode of teaching using Teacher-Made Educational Modules. You are reading the English for Academic and Professional Purposes— Senior High School First Quarter Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on “Uses various techniques in summarizing a variety of academic texts (CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Iac-4)” as written and found in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies. This module is especially crafted for you to grasp the opportunity to continue learning even at home. Using guided and independent learning activities, rest assured that you will be able to take pleasure as well as to deeply understand the contents of the lesson presented; recognizing your own capacity and capability in acquiring knowledge. This module has the following parts and corresponding icons: v At the end of this module you will also find: References Printed in this part is a list of all reliable and valid resources used in crafting and designing this module. In using this module, keep note of the fundamental reminders below. 1. The module is government owned. Handle it with care. Unnecessary marks are prohibited. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering all the given exercises. 2. This module is organized according to the level of understanding. Skipping one part of this module may lead you to confusion and misinterpretation. 3. The instructions are carefully laden for you to understand the given lessons. Read each items cautiously. 4. This is a Home-Based class, your reliability and honor in doing the tasks and checking your answers are a must.. 5. This module helps you attain and learn lessons at home. vi Make sure to clearly comprehend the first activity before proceeding to the next one. 6. This module should be returned in good condition to your teacher/facilitator once you completed it. 7. Answers should be written on a separate sheet of paper or notebook especially prepared for this subject. If you wish to talk to your teacher/educator, do not hesitate to keep in touch with him/her for further discussion. Know that even if this is a home-based class, your teacher is only a call away. Good communication between the teacher and the student is our priority to flourish your understanding on the given lessons. We do hope that in using this material, you will gain ample knowledge and skills for you to be fully equipped and ready to answer the demands of the globally competitive world. We are confident in you! Keep soaring high! vii WHAT I NEED TO KNOW Good day, dear learner! This module is solely prepared for you to access and to acquire lessons befitted in your grade level. The exercises, drills and assessments are carefully made to suit your level of understanding. Indeed, this learning resource is for you to fully comprehend the Techniques in Summarizing Academic Texts. Independently, you are going to go through this module following its proper sequence. Although you are going to do it alone, this is a guided lesson and instructions/directions on how to do every activity is plotted for your convenience. Using this learning resource, you are ought to use various techniques in summarizing a variety of academic texts CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Iac-4, as inculcated in the K-12 Most Essential Learning Competencies. At the end of this module, you are expected to achieve the following objectives: A. Identify the basic rules in summarizing; B. Apply the various techniques in summarizing academic texts; C. State the importance of summarizing academic texts; and D. Summarize academic texts using the appropriate summarizing technique. I. Directions: Read the following statements written WHAT I KNOW on the bulletin board. Cross out the statements that do not describe proper summarization and put a check after each statement that does describe proper summarization. Use own words to write the summary. Include trivial details in the summary. A summary should be a word or two. One’s summary may contain one’s opinion of the text. Cover main points and key ideas. 1 Erase repetitive ideas. Use specific names instead of general terms. A summary should be a paragraph long. Examples should be written in a summary. Vagueness is acceptable in a summary. II. Directions: Each paper has a corresponding number and an example of a specific summarizing technique. Write the number of the paper on the box which is labeled with the technique that fits the example written on the paper. 1 Live theater is much more entertaining than going to the movies. The action seems more real than in a film. Live theater also allows the audience the opportunity to interact with the actors. 2 Tuesday’s With Morrie by Mitch Albom tells a story about a man who meets his old professor on Tuesdays for one final class on the meaning of life. The history of the English language began with the Anglo-Saxon tribes who wandered the forest of Northern Europe. As different invaders reached England, the English language branched out by borrowing words and had undergone major changes in its linguistic system. The English language has continued to expand with billions of people speaking the language all over the world. 3 The Department of Education aims to continuously provide quality education to the Filipino learners. However, because of the threat of the corona virus, the department struggles to realize its goal. In order to achieve its mission, DepEd devises a learning scheme that answers the needs and demands of the learners in this time of pandemic. Thus, DepEd promotes different alternative learning modalities in the era of New Normal. 4 2 Oskar Schindler, a German businessman, saved 1,100 Jews in Krakow, Poland, during the World War II. He grew to care about his Jewish workers an, particularly those with whom he came in contact on a daily basis. His connections helped Schindler protect his Jewish workers from deportation and death in Nazi concentration camps. He also had to give Nazi officials ever larger bribes and gifts of luxury items obtainable only on the black market to keep his workers safe. 5 Somebody Wanted But So Then State, Assign, Action, Complete (SAAC) 5 W’s and 1H First Then Finally Outlining Directions: Read the passages below and complete the crossword puzzle below by identifying the text structure used in each passage. ACROSS 1.Bicycles are an excellent choice when it comes to transportation. Biking is healthy and faster than walking, but it is also dangerous. Each year tens of thousands of people are killed or injured while riding a bicycle. This is because our roads are designed for motorists 1885 – Chain Driven Bicycle and not cyclists, but we can change the landscape. Each time a road is built or rebuilt, we should put in bike lanes. Clearly marked bicycle lanes will give cyclists a safer place to ride. Our cyclists deserve this little bit of consideration. In fact, their very lives are depending on it. 2. Have you ever wondered how mountain bikes can ride so smoothly on rough 3 surfaces? The reason for this is that mountain bikes have suspension systems. Suspension systems keep the wheels in continuous contact with the ground. This improves control and insulates the rider from changes in the surface. Suspension systems also reduce vibrations and make the ride more comfortable. Just don't get too comfortable and put your feet up because you still need those for peddling. 3. How do you know which kind of bike is right for you and the riding you’ll do? Well, that’s what this guide is for. Road bikes are lightweight, efficient bikes with drop handlebars and narrow tires for recreational riding on pavement. Mountain bikes are rugged machines with flat handlebars and wide, knobby tires for riding narrow dirt trails. Utility bikes are bikes designed for utility , such as commuting or errands, including some that haul kids or cargo. DOWN 1. Congratulations on your purchase of the Flag Master 5000! You'll find this state of the art system will allow you to display your bicycle flag higher than ever, and installation is a snap. Just attach the Flag Master carrier unit to the rear axle of your bicycle frame with the provided clamps. Once the carrier is secure, drop the base of your flag into the flag carrier and you're ready to ride. Your heart will swell with pride as you navigate the streets of your neighborhood waving the flag of your favorite sports team, nation, state, or maybe your flag will just be a solid color. Enjoy your breathtaking rise to the heights of popularity with this fashionable bicycle accessory. 2. Bicycles are a pretty old innovation when compared to something like a mobile phone. Some say a Scottish blacksmith named Kirkpatrick MacMillan invented the first self-propelled two-wheeled vehicle, or bicycle, in 1839. MacMillan's design connected the pedals to the wheel with rods. J. K. Starley improved on this design in 1885 when he created the first chain driven bicycle. Starley's work was so good that most bicycles today have similar designs. Some important features have been added since then: cable brakes were introduced in the 1890s, which gave bicycles greater stopping power, and derailleur systems, which allowed the rider to change gears, were invented in 1905. Today's bicycles have lightweight frames, precision manufactured parts, and are more affordable than ever, yet surprisingly little has changed since Starley’s original design. I guess that it's hard to improve upon perfection. 3.Buying a bicycle is exciting and rewarding, but choosing the right bicycle requires some thought. One of the major considerations is whether to get a mountain bike, a racing bike, or a BMX bike. All of these have the parts that you would expect from a bicycle: a frame, pedals, two wheels, a chain-- but mountain bikes and racing bikes have multiple gears while BMX bikes have only one gear. Multiple gears give the rider the ability to increase or decrease the 4 force required to push the pedals. This can be an advantage when you are travelling over a variety of surfaces. Racing bikes and mountain bikes both have multiple gears, but mountain bikes tend to have thicker, more rugged tires that allow the cyclist to travel off of the path more smoothly. Racing bikes may go faster than mountain bikes on streets, but they are pretty much limited to riding on paved roads. Like mountain bikes, BMX bikes are built for off-roading. BMX bikes even have a popular off-road race culture associated with them, but if you plan on riding great distances, you would probably find a mountain bike to be more comfortable. When it's time to make that big purchase, you should weigh these considerations. 4. A bicycle is a mechanism that has transported man for many decades. Nowadays, bicycling is a great way to move from one place to another in short distances. Bicycles should be used for short distances to protect the environment as well as your health. By riding a bicycle, people can decrease gasoline consumption, improve the quality of their lives, and protect the environment. 5 Directions: Summarize the paragraph below two to three sentences. in “The Northern Lights” There are times when the night sky glows with bands of color. The bands may begin as cloud shapes and then spread into a great arc across the entire sky. They may fall in folds like a curtain drawn across the heavens. The lights usually grow brighter, then suddenly dim. During this time the sky glows with pale yellow, pink, green, violet, blue, and red. These lights are called the Aurora Borealis. Some people call them the Northern Lights. Scientists have been watching them for hundreds of years. They are not quite sure what causes them. In ancient times people were afraid of the Lights. They imagined that they saw fiery dragons in the sky. Some even concluded that the heavens were on fire. Long Beach City College WRSC SUMMARY ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Definition, Purpose, Rules and Techniques in Summarizing Academic Texts Buckley (2004), in her popular writing text Fit to Print, defines summarizing as reducing text to one-third or one-quarter its original size, clearly articulating the author’s meaning, and retaining main ideas. Diane Hacker (2008), in A Canadian Writer’s Reference, explains that summarizing involves stating a work’s thesis and main ideas “simply, briefly, and accurately” (p. 62). Summarizing is also essential skill that is needed in the workplace and in the community. In some cases, writing a summary is an excellent learning strategy that allows students to monitor their own progress in learning course material. 6 Basic Rules: A. Erase things that don’t unnecessary to understanding. matter. Delete trivial material that is B. Only write down important points. If it is not something that will help you understand or remember, then don’t write it down. Think of it this way . . . If you had to pay money for every word you write down, which words would you choose to include in your notes? C. Erase things that repeat. Delete redundant material. In note taking, time and space are precious. If a word or phrase says basically the same thing you have already written down, then don’t write it again! D. Trade, general terms for specific names. Substitute superordinate terms for lists (e.g., flowers for daisies, tulips for roses). Focus on the big picture. Long, technical lists are hard to remember. If one word will give you the meaning, then less is more. E. Use your own words to write the summary. Do not just copy the sentences from the original text. However, do not inject your opinion in your summary. Techniques: 1. Outlining. An outline is a map of your essay. It shows what information each section or paragraph will contain and in what order. I. Main Idea A. Supporting Details B. Supporting Details II. Main Idea A. Supporting Details B. Supporting Details 2. Somebody Wanted But So Then. Each word represents a key question related to a text’s essential elements: Somebody—Who is the text about? Wanted—What did the main character want? But—What was the problem encountered? So—How was the problem solved? Then—How did it end? 3. SAAC Method. This method is particularly helpful in learning the format of a summary. This includes the title and author’s name. State— The name of the article, book, movie 7 Assign—the name of the author Action—what the author is doing (ex. Tells, explains) Complete—complete the sentence or summary with keywords and important details. 4. 5W’s, 1 H. This technique relies on six crucial questions: Who, What, When, Where, Why, How. These questions make it easy to identify the main character, important details and main idea. Your summary may not necessarily follow this order as long as it contains all of these information. Who is the text about? What did he/she do? When did it happen? Why did he/she do it? How did he/she do what he/she did? 5. First Then Finally. This technique helps summarize events or steps in chronological order or in sequence. First– What happened first? Then– What key details took place during the event/action? Finally– What were the results of the event/action? Directions: Read the following texts. Write a 3-5 sentence summary of the following text using the assigned technique. HEALTHY EATING It is important to enjoy the food you eat. And eating in a healthier way may even be cheaper! Some traditional beliefs of what makes up a healthy diet may be really good, such as eating home-preserved vegetables, but other traditional beliefs are disease-promoting, e.g. eating large quantities of fatty meat daily. Recent evidence has shown that eating too much meat with animal fat is risky to our health. Only very small amounts of lean meat are needed – and not every day. In fact, the less meat and animal fat we eat the better! Eating too much animal fat is a main cause of ill health. Our bodies need very little but most of us eat too much. You may have heard of SATURATED FATS. These are found mainly in the meat of cows, pigs and sheep and in 8 products which include their meat and fat, such as sausages, meat pies and beef burgers. Eating too much saturated fat can lead to coronary heart disease and being overweight. UNSATURATED FATS, however, are found in oily fish, chicken, eggs, turkey, duck, beans and lentils and foods made from these. Unsaturated fat may be better for you, but eating TOO MUCH FAT of any type can increase your weight. It is better to buy a small amount of lean meat rather than fatty meat or solid fat. It is even better to EAT MORE FISH of all kinds. And don’t forget to increase your IRON intake by eating liver. Traditional meals using peas, beans and lentils provide good nourishment. Remember to cut down on any animal fat used in cooking, e.g. in soups do not add fat and do not fry food for. Where FAT is involved, LESS IS BEST. Write the summary using the outlining technique: The Hacksaw Ridge Movie In Lynchburg, Desmond Doss and his brother Hal are raised by a dysfunctional family since their father Tom Doss is an alcoholic war veteran of World War I that beats their mother Bertha. After a naughty fight with his brother Hal turns awry, Desmond Doss reads the Bible and vows not to harm another human in his life thereafter. Desmond then saves the life of a worker, experiencing a wholesome satisfaction in the process. In the hospital, he is smitten by a nurse, Dorothy Schutte, whom he then dates. After the United States enters the Second World War, both sons enlist, adding to the ire of the father who despises his sons joining the Army. The rigorous regimen of training in the Army requires Desmond to clear his firearms training, but after a huge tiff with his seniors, his father, an old corporal, intervenes to save Desmond from being court-martialed and serve with the Army as a medic. Then, got posted to Hacksaw Ridge, Okinawa. Desmond saved 75 men during the battle without firing a single shot. As an army medic with a strong desire to save lives, Desmond single-handedly evacuated wounded near enemy lines despite his own wounds. He was awarded with the Congressional Medal of Honor. 9 Write the summary using the 5 W’s, 1 H technique: Coronavirus in the Philippines: The COVID-19 risk, impact and measures By Praveen Duddu (an excerpt) Preventive measures by the Philippine government The Philippine government is taking several steps to control the spread of the virus, including travel restrictions, closure of schools and colleges, as well as training schools of the Philippine National Police. Educational institutes in the country are announced to be closed from March 9 to March 15, whereas in Metro Manila the classes will be suspended until April 12. Stringent social distancing measures will be in place in the National Capital Region (NCR) for 30 days from March 15. The government announced earlier on February 2, 2020 that all persons except Filipino citizens and permanent resident visa holders were temporarily barred from entering the country. A temporary ban on Filipinos from traveling to China or its special administrative region was also imposed. A mandatory 14-day quarantine for Filipinos returning to from China or its special administrative region was announced. Write the summary using the SAAC technique: 10 HOW TO CHANGE ENGINE OIL Changing the engine oil at a regular interval is very essential to achieve quality engine performance. In so doing, the following tools and materials should be prepared: drive-on ramps, jack and jack stands, socket wrench or box end wrench to fit drain plug, droplight or flashlight, pour spout, drain pan, rags, fender covers, fresh motor oil, work gloves, and safety goggles. With these tools and materials ready on hand, the process could be started. First, raise the front of the car and support it with jack stands (unless working clearance under the car is adequate). Place a basin beneath the drain plug. Loosen oil drain into the basin. Clean the drain plug and washer with rags (some plugs are magnetized to trap metal particles). Next, replace the plug and washer as soon as old oil had drained. Start plug by hand and tighten it as far as possible. When the plug is seated, tighten it another half-turn with a wrench. Finally, find oil filter. Add amount of oil given in the owner’s manual, 1qt. Less filter is not changed. Start engine and check for leaks at the drain plug. Lower the car, check oil level, and adjust if necessary. The completion of this process with the other pars in excellent working condition ensures a satisfying journey. Write the summary using the First, Then, Finally technique: In April of 1585 Sir Walter Raleigh, under the authority of Queen Elizabeth of England, sent an expedition of seven ships carrying 600 men, half of them soldiers, to found an English colony in North America. The colony was to be used to establish an English presence in the New World as well as a base from which English privateers, or pirates, could attack and plunder Spanish treasure fleets. Raleigh’s cousin, Sir Richard Grenville, led the expedition. In July of that year the bulk of the fleet reached a small island off the coast of Virginia that was called Roanoke. After building a small fort on the north side of the island, the colonists initiated relations with a Native American 11 tribe that lived on the island, the Aquascogoc. These natives showed little interest in building relations with the English colonists, and they soon parted company. After this encounter, however, the English noticed that one of their silver cups had gone missing, and they attributed its disappearance to the Aquascogoc. Grenville, the English captain, was furious. He believed that the Aquascogoc had stolen the silver cup. Whether or not this was true, angry exchanges followed and soon the English burned the Aquascogoc village. The English held their fort against the subsequent attacks of the natives. Despite their success in battle, the colonists had a miserable time because they were mainly soldiers and adventurers, not farmers. They were hungry. They missed the comforts of England, such as soft feather beds and dainty foods. Also they had expected to find gold and silver on the island, and were disappointed when they found none. Grenville soon tired of these conditions and set out on his ship to plunder Spanish treasure fleets and return to England. The colony was gradually abandoned. In 1587 Sir Walter Raleigh dispatched a further expedition of three ships and 150 colonists, led by John White, to Roanoke. This time the expedition included women and children, including White’s pregnant daughter, Elenora. Shortly after they reached Roanoke, Elenora delivered a child whom they named Virginia. Virginia was the first English person born in America. But the English soon ran into more trouble with the Native Americans. A colonist named George Howe was killed by natives while searching for crabs alone on the beach. The colonists were scared. They persuaded White to sail back to England to ask Sir Walter Raleigh for help. White left behind 114 colonists, including his daughter Elenora and granddaughter Virginia. Unfortunately for White and the colonists, England was preparing for a naval war with Spain. All shipping from English ports was ceased. It took White three years to get his relief expedition back to Roanoke. When he returned in August of 1590, White found no sign of his daughter, granddaughter, or anyone else. They found three letters, “CRO,” carved on a tree and the full word, “CROATOAN,” on a nearby post. Possibly this referred to the Croatoan Island, which was nearby. White searched long and anxiously, but failed to find them. Write the summary using the Somebody Wanted But So Then technique: 12 What for you is the importance of learning to summarize academic texts? Directions: Summarize your personal experience during the quarantine period in this time of pandemic into a one-paragraph only. You may use the technique that you think best fits the nature of your summary. I. Directions: Read the text below. Using your chosen technique/s, write a 5-8 sentence summary of the given text. If you are reading this right now, you are taking part in the wonder of literacy. Because of printed words, people can send information across both time and space. Ideas are put in writing and sent to readers across thousands of miles and years. Because of writing, the words of distant people can influence events, offer knowledge, and change the world. Much of the credit for the development of this phenomenon can be attributed to one man. Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg, better known as 13 Johannes Gutenberg, was born in the German city of Mainz. Though most of Gutenberg’s early life is a mystery, historians believe that he studied at the University of Erfurt in 1418 and spent much of his young adult life practicing the profession of his father: goldsmithing. Gutenberg borrowed money from investors in 1439 and found himself in financial trouble. In the year 1439 the city in which Gutenberg lived was planning to exhibit its large collection from Emperor Charlemagne (a famous ruler who had united much of Western Europe around 800 AD). The exhibit was expected to bring many visitors to the town, so Gutenberg took investments and create polished metal mirrors which were to be sold to the visitors (it was a common belief at that time that mirrors were able to capture holy light from religious relics). The mirrors which Gutenberg produced probably would have sold well, but due to severe flooding the event was delayed by one year. The impatient investors demanded that Gutenberg return their investments, but he had already spent the money on producing the unsaleable mirrors. He was trapped in a difficult situation. Gutenberg decided to share his greatest secret with them. This secret would forever change the world, all of history, and even the process of keeping history. It’s been argued that Gutenberg’s idea was one of the greatest of all mankind. This one idea would lead to the spread of countless others. It would play a key role in the development of the Renaissance, Reformation, the Age of Enlightenment, and the Scientific Revolution. This idea would bring learning to the masses. Gutenberg had created the mechanical printing press with movable type. Before the spread of Gutenberg’s idea, literature was handwritten. That means that each copy of the bible and all of its 73 books were tediously hand scribed, and this was done before the invention of the ballpoint pen. Given the amount of detail that went into each text, creating a single copy of a bible could take years. Because of the effort that went into producing them, books were extremely rare and valuable. Because of the value of books, there was little reason for common people to learn to read or write since it was unlikely that they would ever handle a book in their lifetimes. Gutenberg’s invention would change that. His printing press allowed literature to be produced on a mass scale. His movable metal type could be arranged once to form a page, and he could print the page again and again The first major text that Gutenberg produced was a 42 line copy of the bible. Scholars estimate that Gutenberg produced between 165 and 185 of these bibles, which sold out almost immediately. Most copies went to churches and universities, though one was sold to a private individual. Copies are known to have sold for 30 florins (about three years of wages for a clerk at the time), which may seem expensive but was much cheaper than a hand produced copy. 14 Purchasing a Gutenberg Bible in the 1450s would have been a good investment if you and your descendants were able to maintain it. Only twenty one complete Gutenberg Bibles exist today and the last one traded hands in 1987 for 4.9 million dollars, the highest price ever paid for a book at the time. Gutenberg’s brilliant idea would soon change the world, but in the short term he bungled a large and risky investment. He found himself in financial trouble once again and was sued by one of his investors, who accused Gutenberg of mismanaging money meant for the production of books. The courts ruled against Gutenberg and he lost the shop that he had created. He was effectively bankrupt. Though he had failed as a businessman, the technologies that he had created spread rapidly. As these printing technologies spread, news and books began to travel much faster than previously possible. The world has not been the same since. Though Gutenberg was financially unsuccessful in his own lifetime, he made the world a much richer place. 1. What is a thesis statement? 2. How do you outline a text? 15 16 WHAT I KNOW Test I. 5 2 1 Outlining 5 W’s and 3 First Then State, Assign, Action, 4 Somebody Wanted But WHAT’S IN 17 Summaries may vary but the main idea should be present. 1-5. Summaries may vary but the main idea should be present. WHAT’S MORE WHAT’S NEW Answers may vary. Answers may vary. ASSESSMENT WHAT I CAN DO VGE (5) CRITERIA GE (4) WHAT I HAVE LEARNED Answers may vary. SE (3) LE (2) The summary accurately reflects the message of the original text. The summary reworded the key ideas in the original text without compromising the accuracy or content. The summary incorporates only the key ideas. The summary does not contain any personal comments or opinions. The teacher will check all the Answers Vary Part. Notes to the Teacher! References: Electronic Files Department of Education. Curriculum and Instruction Strand. K to 12 Most Essential Learning Competencies with Corresponding CG Codes. Department of Education. English for Academic and Professional Purposes. (2016). Teacher’s Guide. First Edition. Department of Education. English for Academic and Professional Purposes. (2016). Reader. First Edition. Online resources Bales, K. July 2020. 5 Easy Summarizing Strategies for Students. Retrieved from thoughtco.com. Retrieved date July 29, 2020 Duddu, P. March 2020. Coronavirus in the Philippines: The COVID-19 Risk, Impact and Measures. Retrieved from pharmaceutical-technology.com. Retrieved date August 4, 2020. Evangelista, A. Basics of Summarizing. Retrieved from Slideshare. Retrieved date July 29, 2020 Summarizing Strategies. Retrieved from www.google.com Retrieved date July 29, 2020 Summarizing Worksheets. Retrieved from https://www.ereadingworksheets/ summarizing-worksheets-and-actiities/. Retrieved date July 29, 2020. Types of Bikes. Retrieved from https://www.bicycling.com/bikes-gear/ a23067076/types-of-bikes/. Retrieed date August 4, 2020. University of Manitoba Academic Learning Center. Summarizing. Retrieved from www.umanitoba.ca/student/academiclearning. Retrieved date July 29, 2020 Why Do People Should Ride A Bicycle For Short Distance Trips. Retrieved fromhttps://eslbee.com/ why_people_should_ride_a_bicycle_for_short_distance_trips.htm. Retrieved date August 4, 2020 World Health Organization. Healthy Living.pdf. www.kznhealth.gov.za Retrieved date August 4, 2020 RetrievedFor inquiries or feedback, please write or call: Department of Education– Region VII, Division of Cebu Province Office Address: IPHO Bldg. Sudlon, Lahug, Cebu City Telefax: (032) 255-6405 Email Address: [email protected] from |
English for Academic and Professional Purposes answer Key Grade 12 module 3
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 wiewird Inc.
