Which of the following concepts refers to a state in which racial and ethnic minorities are distinct but have social parity?

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Term

Throughout the US, racial & ethic diversity:A) has changed little in the last several decade.B) is increasingC) exists only in one region of the country.
D) is less than is found in most other high-income nations.

Definition

A) has changed little in the last several decades.

Term

The concept "race" refers to:A)a shared cultural heritage, including language and religion. B)a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important.C)members of any minority within a multicultural society.
D)skin color, when it is other than white.

Definition

B)a socially constructed category composed of people who share biologically transmitted traits that members of a society consider important.

Term

The physical differences that may become part of racial categories have their origins in:A)social patterns that distinguish some 5,000 human culturesB)the types of technology used by various societies.C)the decree of wealth of poverty found in various parts of the world.
D)different geographical conditions in which humans live.

Definition

A)social patterns that distinguish some 5,000 human cultures

Term

Why do sociologists consider the "scientific" racial types of Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Negroid to be misleading and even harmful?A)all racial categories are genetically very much alike. B)No society contains biologically "pure" people.C)The skin color of Caucasian people ranges from very light to very dark.
D)All of the above are correct

Definition

B)No society contains biologically "pure" people.

Term

Race refers to ___ considered important by a society and ethnicity refers to ___.A)biological traits; cultural traitsB)Cultural traits; biological traitsC)Differences; what we have in common
D)None of the above is correct.

Definition

A)biological traits; cultural traits

Term

A family leaves Russia and takes up residence in the US, where they gradually lose their Russian cultural traditions. They have modified their:A)subordination B)EthnicityC)race
D)religion

Definition

Term

Which of the following concepts refers to a category of people, distinguished by physical or cultural traits, who are socially disadvantaged?A)Ethnic categoryB)Out-groupC)Racial category
D)Minority

Definition

Term

A Minority is defined as a category of people who are:A)New to a country and disadvantagedB)Less than half the total populationC)Different from the majority.
D)Different in some visible way and disadvantaged

Definition

D)Different in some visible way and disadvantaged

Term

Which one is NOT correct?A)Minorities have a distinctive identity. B)A minority does not have to be a numerical minority.C)Usually, people can readily identify a member of a minority.
D)All people in a minority are disadvantaged.

Definition

D)All people in a minority are disadvantaged.

Term

Which of the following concepts refers to a rigid and irrational generalization about an entire category of people?A)scapegoatingB)discriminationC)racism
D)prejudice

Definition

Term

Stereotypes refer to:A)any generalizations about social lifeB)only negative depictions of a minorityC)only positive depictions of a minority
D)exaggerated descriptions applied to everyone in some category.

Definition

D)exaggerated descriptions applied to everyone in some category.

Term

Which of the following concepts refers to a belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another?A)prejudiceB)scapegoatingC)discrimination
D)racism

Definition

Term

Based on Scapegoat theory, you would conclude that prejudice is created by:A)frustration among disadvantaged peopleB)people with rigid personalitiesC)culture itself
D)high levels of immigration

Definition

A)frustration among disadvantaged people

Term

Authoritarian personality theory states that extreme prejudice is:A)a trait of certain individualsB)found among poor and disadvantaged peopleC)a trait of most people
D)less common in today's society

Definition

A)a trait of certain individuals

Term

Conflict theory states that prejudice is:A)common among certain people with rigid personalitiesB)common among disadvantaged peopleC)used by powerful people to justify oppressing others
D)part of culture itself

Definition

C)used by powerful people to justify oppressing others

Term

While prejudice is a matter of ___, discrimination is a matter of ___.A)abnormality; what a society considers normalB)choice; social structureC)biology; culture
D)attitudes; action

Definition

Term

Institutional prejudice and discrimination refers to the fact that:A)bias was pronounced in this nation's historyB)bias is built into the operation of society's institutionsC)some people hold rigidly biased attitudes
D)many people need to be educated about basic fairness

Definition

B)bias is built into the operation of society's institutions

Term

The idea that prejudice and discrimination form a vicious circle means that:A)only some people act on their prejudicesB)prejudice is more common than actual discriminationC)bias is easily perpetuated over time
D)it is easy to prove most stereotypes to be wrong.

Definition

A)only some people act on their prejudices

Term

Which of the following concepts refers to a state in which racial and ethnic minorities are distinct but have rough social equality?A)segregationB)assimilationC)genocide
D)pluralism

Definition

Term

The United States is not truly pluralistic because:A)racial and ethnic categories do not have roughly equal social standingB)of our history of slaveryC)some people still live in "ethnic enclaves"
D)All of the above are correct

Definition

A)racial and ethnic categories do not have roughly equal social standing

Term

Assimilation refers to the pattern by which:A)minority categories become more equal in social standingB)people regain a lost cultural heritageC)people come to accept minorities
D)minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant category

Definition

D)minorities gradually adopt patterns of the dominant category

Term

Multiculturalists oppose the goal of assimilation because:A)the USA has provided a better life for all categories of peopleB)it does not happen in this countryC)this suggests that minorities are the ones who need to do all the changing
D)All of the above are correct

Definition

C)this suggests that minorities are the ones who need to do all the changing

Term

Which of the following concepts refers to biological reproduction by people of different racial categories?A)assimilationB)MiscegenationC)pluralism
D)racial typology

Definition

Term

The existence of "Negro league" in professional baseball in the USA during the 1930s and 1940s is an example of:A)segregationB)pluralismC)assimilation
D)miscegenation

Definition

Term

The Holocaust, in which the Nazis murdered millions of JEWS, is an example of: A)miscegenationB)hypersegregationC)genocide
D)assimilation

Definition

Term

The ancestors of which of the following first settled the lands of the Western Hemisphere?A)European AmericansB)African AmericansC)Native Americans
D)WASPS

Definition

Term

When the first Europeans arrived in the Americas in the fifteenth century, Native Americans:A)had not yet settled thereB)had inhabited this land for 30,000 yearsC)came with them from Europe
D)had just migrated from Asia

Definition

B)had inhabited this land for 30,000 years

Term

Native Americans gained the right to US citizenship in:A)1865B)1924C)1990
D)1965

Definition

Term

Historically, WASP social power peaked about:A)1960, with the election of John F. KennedyB)1932, with the election of Franklin D. RooseveltC)1860, with the election of Abraham Lincoln
D)1992, with the election of Bill Clinton

Definition

A)1960, with the election of John F. Kennedy

Term

What is the meaning of the term"WASP"?A)Without Any Social PrejudiceB)White Anglo-Saxon ProtestantC)White American Who Support Pluralism
D)White Anglo's Self Pride

Definition

B)White Anglo-Saxon Protestant

Term

A national civil rights movement, which ended most instances of lawful racial discrimination, took place during the:A)1990sB)1970sC)second world war
D)1950s & 1960s

Definition

Term

The largest category of Asian Americans in the USA is people of____ ancestry. A)ChineseB)KoreanC)Vietnamese
D)Japanese

Definition

Term

Which of the fallowing categories of Asian Americans has median income above the national average?A)Chinese AmericansB)Japanese AmericansC)Filipino Americans
D)All of the Above

Definition

Term

For immigrants, one advantage of living in Chinatown is ____; one disadvantage is _____.A)the chance to learn English;losing traditional cultureB)Maintaining traditional culture; less chance to learn English C)greater job opportunities;provoking racial hostility
D)provoking racial hostility; a lack of support systems

Definition

B)Maintaining traditional culture; less chance to learn English

Term

Japanese immigrants differed from earlier Chinese immigrants by:A)favoring rural areas B)knowing more about the USA before they got hereC)coming to the USA in smaller numbers
D)All of the Above are correct

Definition

D)All of the Above are correct

Term

The Hispanic population of the USA is:A)concentrated in the SouthwestB)concentrated up and down the West CoastC)spread evenly across the Country
D)concentrated in industrial cities of the Northeast.

Definition

A)concentrated in the Southwest

Term

Which of the following categories of Hispanics in the USA is largest in terms of population size?A)Puerto RicansB)Mexican AmericansC)Bolivians
D)Cuban Americans

Definition

Term

From which world regions do most of today's immigrants come?A)Africa & EuropeB)Latin American & AsiaC)Africa & Latin America
D)Asia & Africa

Definition

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