What is a connecting system wireline or wireless that permits different computers to share resources?

An information system (IS) collects, processes, stores, analyzes and disseminates information for a specific purposes. It has been said that the purpose of information system is to get the right information to the right people, at the right time, in the the right amount and in the right format. Because information systems are intended to supply useful information, we need to differentiate between information and two closely related terms: data and knowledge.

Nowadays, Information system uses computer technology to perform some or all its intended tasks. It is called as computer-based information system (CBIS). CBIS consists of four components; hardware, software, database and network.

• Hardware consists of devices such as processor, monitor, keyboard and printer. These devices accept, process and display data and information
• Software is a program or collection of programs that enable the hardware to process data.
• Database is a collection of related files or tables containing data.
• Network is a connecting system (wire-line or wireless) that permits different computers to share resources.

• FUNCTIONAL AREA INFORMATION SYSTEM (FAIS) - Support the activities within specific functional area.
• TRANSACTION PROCESSING SYSTEM (TPS) - Processes transaction data from business event.
• MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (MIS) -  Produces reports summarized from transaction data, usually in one functional area.
• DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM (DSS) -  Provides access to data and analysis tools.
• ELECTRONIC COMMERCE SYSTEM (E-COMMERCE) - Enables transaction among organizations and between organization and customers.

Decision support systems (DSSs) combine models and data in an attempt to analyze semi-structured and some unstructured problems with extensive user involvement. Models are simplified representations or abstractions, of reality. DSSs enable business managers and analysts to access data interactively, to manipulate these data, and to conduct appropriate analyses. Decision support can both enhance learning and contribute to all levels of decision making. DSSs also employ mathematical models. Finally, they have the related capabilities of sensitivities analysis, what-if analysis and goal-seeking analysis.

• SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS - The study of the impact that changes in one or more parts of a decision making model have on other parts. Most sensitivity analyses examine the impact that changes in input variables have on output variables.
  

• WHAT-IF ANALYSIS - A model builder must make predictions and assumptions regarding the input data, many of which are based on the assessment of uncertain futures. The results depend on the accuracy of these assumptions, which can be highly subjective.
  

• GOAL-SEEKING ANALYSIS - It attempts to find the value of input necessary to achieve a desired level of output.
  

These systems provide recommendation and/or suggestion schemes which aid the user in selecting an appropriate alternative to a problem at hand. Knowledge-driven DSS are often referred to as management expert systems or intelligent decision support system. They focus on knowledge and recommend action to managers based on an analysis of a certain knowledge base. Moreover, it has special problem solving expertise and are closely related to data mining.

The underlying model that drive the DSS can come from various discipline or areas of specialization and might include accounting models, financial models, representation models and optimization models. With model drive DSS the emphasize is on access to and manipulation of a model, rather than data. For example, it uses data and parameters to aid decision makers in analyzing a situation. These systems usually are not data intensive and consequently are not linked to very large databases. Managers and staff members use it to provide solution to queries or problems.

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