| CHAPTER 9 QUIZ
In legislative matters, the governor of Texas
has absolute veto power without challenge once the legislature has adjourned.
Which of the following is
not
a way that Texas military units have been used since the year 2000?
Show
The Governor-General of Australia is Her Majesty The Queen’s representative. In practice, they are Australia’s Head of State and have a range of constitutional and ceremonial duties. The Governor-General is also the Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. These duties are essential to Australia's modern democracy, however perhaps the most important role of the Governor-General is their work in the Australian community. Each year the Governor-General hosts or attends hundreds of events around the country and meet tens of thousands of Australians. They do this to celebrate the best of Australia and recognise the everyday Australians who, without fuss or fanfare, contribute to the lives of others and make Australia such a compassionate, harmonious and peaceful place. The Governor-General has specific constitutional and statutory powers. The Governor-General acts on the advice of Ministers who are responsible to Parliament (and ultimately, through elections, the Australian people). Key constitutional duties include: Under the Australian Constitution, the only action performed by The Queen is the appointment of the Governor-General (on the advice of the Australian Prime Minister). The Governor-General is the Chancellor of the Order of Australia and each year approves awards to recognise the service and contribution of outstanding Australians through the Australian Honours and Awards System. Other ceremonial duties include: The Governor General is the Commander-in-Chief of the Australian Defence Force. The Governor-General's duties as Commander-in-Chief include:
Community engagement
The Governor-General encourages, articulates and represents the things that unite Australia as a nation. This includes:
By the end of this section, you’ll be able to
The Roles Played by Texas’ GovernorThe governor makes policy recommendations that lawmakers in both the state House and Senate chambers may sponsor and introduce as bills. The governor also appoints the Secretary of State, as well as members of boards and commissions who oversee the heads of state agencies and departments. The constitutional and statutory duties of the Governor include:
Veto PowerThe governor has the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Texas Legislature. The Governor has line-item veto power, enabling the governor to veto individual components (or lines) of a bill. The Governor of Texas’ ine-item veto power applies only to spending measures, only to a bill that “contains several items of appropriation.” When a bill contains several items of appropriation, the Governor “may object to one or more of such items, and approve the other portion of the bill.” Ibid. Thus, the Governor may line-item veto one or more “items of appropriation” without vetoing the entire appropriations bill. Time to considerThe governor must sign or veto legislation within 10 days of transmittal (excluding Sunday), or it becomes law without his/her signature. There is no “pocket veto” for the Governor of Texas. For legislation transmitted with less than 10 days left in the session, the governor has 20 days after adjournment to act, or the legislation becomes law without being signed. This latter provision allows a Governor to veto legislation after the Legislature has adjourned, with no opportunity for the Legislature to override a veto. In practice, a Governor’s vetoes are rarely challenged. Legislative overrideTwo-thirds of members present in both chambers must vote to override a veto. If all members are in attendance, this is 100 of the 150 members in the Texas House of Representatives and 21 of the 31 members in the Texas State Senate. Texas is one of 36 states that requires a two-thirds vote from both of its legislative chambers to override a veto. Clemency PowerThe governor has the authority to grant clemency upon the written recommendation of a majority of the Board of Pardons and Paroles (Board). Clemency includes full pardons after conviction or successful completion of a term of deferred adjudication community supervision, conditional pardons, pardons based on innocence, commutations of sentence, and reprieves. In capital cases, clemency includes a commutation of sentence to life in prison and a reprieve for execution. The governor may also grant a one-time reprieve of execution, not to exceed (30) days, without a Board recommendation. Appointment powerThe authority to make governmental appointments is one of the powers given to the Governor of Texas by the state’s Constitution. During a four-year term, the Governor will make about 3,000 appointments. Most appointments are:
The majority of these appointments are volunteer positions, representative of our citizen government. Most appointees are entitled to standard travel expenses and/or per diem to attend meetings and conduct business of the board or commission. Budgetary PowerThe Governor has relatively limited budgetary powers. The Governor is required to submit a budget, but the Legislature typically ignores the Governor’s budget, preferring to take the lead itself on budgetary matters. A Governor may attempt to influence the budgetary process through the power of persuasion, but this power is limited. In the end, a Governor’s primary budget power is the power to veto or threaten to veto legislation. |
The most direct legislative power of the governor is his or her
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