We will discuss here about the method of h.c.f. (highest common factor). The highest common factor or HCF of two or more numbers is the greatest number which divides exactly the given numbers. Let us consider two numbers 16 and 24.
We see that the highest common factor of 16 and 24 is 8. In short, the Highest Common Factor is expressed as H.C.F. Finding H.C.F. There are three methods of finding H.C.F. of two or more numbers. 1. Factorization Method 2. Prime Factorization Method 3. Division Method 1. H.C.F. by factorization method Let us consider some examples. I. Find the H.C.F. of 36 and 45.
The common factors of 36 and 45 are 1, 3, 9. The highest common factor is 9. II. Find the HCF of 12, 48 and 72. Let us first list all the factors of each number. Factors of 12 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12 Factors of 48 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24 and 48 Factors of 72 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 72 The common factors of 12, 48 and 7 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12. The highest common factor is 12. 2. H.C.F. by prime factorization method Let us consider an example. Find the H.C.F. of 24, 36 and 48. First we find the prime factors of 24, 36 and 48. 24 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 36 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 48 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 The common prime factors = 2, 2, 3 H.C.F. = 2 × 2 × 3 = 12 3. H.C.F. by division method Let us consider a few examples. 1. Find the H.C.F. of 12 and 18.
2. Find the H.C.F. of 16, 18 and 24.
3. Find the HCF of 18 and 54 by short division method. Solution: Write the number in a row separated by commas, divide the numbers by common prime factors. Factorisation stops when we reach prime numbers which cannot be further divided. HCF is the product of all the common factors. Hence, the common factors are 2, 3 and 3. HCF of 18 and 54 = 2 × 3 × 3 = 18. 4. Find the HCF of 28 and 36 by short division method. Solution: First we need to write the number in a row separated by commas, divide the numbers by common prime factors. Factorisation stops when we reach prime numbers which cannot be further divided. HCF is the product of all the common factors. Hence, the common factors are 2, 2. HCF of 28 and 36 = 2 × 2 = 4.
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