Computer Based Information System (CBIS) is an information system in which the computer plays a major role. Such a system consists of the following elements:
Types of Computer Based Information Systems
1. Transaction Processing SystemsThe most fundamental computer based system in an organisation pertains to the processing of business transactions. A transaction processing system can be defined as a computer based system that captures, classifies, stores, maintains, updates and retrieves transaction data for record keeping and for input to other types of CBIS. Transaction Processing Systems are aimed at improving the routine business activities on which all organizations depend. A transaction is any event or activity that affects the whole organisation. Placing orders, billing customers, hiring of employees and depositing cheques are some of the common transactions. The types of transactions that occur vary from organisation to organisation. But this is true that all organisations process transactions as a major part of their daily business activities. The most successful organisations perform this work of transaction processing in a very systematic way. Transaction processing systems provide speed and accuracy and can be programmed to follow routines without any variance. 2. Management Information SystemData processing by computers has been extremely effective because of several reasons. The main reason being that huge amount of data relating to accounts and other transactions can be processed very quickly. Earlier most of the computer applications were concerned with record keeping and the automation of routine clerical processes. However, in recent years, increasing attention has been focused on computer applications providing information for policy making, management planning and control purposes. Management Information System are more concerned with management function. MIS can be described as information system that can provide all levels of management with information essential to the running of smooth business. This information must be as relevant, timely, accurate, complete and concise and economically feasible 3. Decision Support SystemsIt is an information system that offers the kind of information that may not be predictable, the kind that business professionals may need only once. These systems do not produce regularly scheduled management reports. Instead, they are designed to respond to a wide range of requests. It is true that all the decisions in an organisation are not of a recurring nature. Decision support systems assist managers who must make decisions that are not highly structured, often called unstructured or semi-structured decisions. A decision is considered unstructured if there are no clear procedures for making the decision and if not all the factors to be considered in the decision can be readily identified in advance. Judgement of the manager plays a vital role in decision making where the problem is not structured. The decision support system supports, but does not replace, judgement of manager. 4. Office Automation SystemsOffice automation systems are among the newest and most rapidly expanding computer based information systems. They are being developed with the hopes and expectations that they will increase the efficiency and productivity of office workers-typists, secretaries, administrative assistants, staff professionals, managers and the like. Many organisations have taken the First step toward automating their offices. Often this step involves the use of word processing equipment to facilitate the typing, storing, revising and printing of textual materials. Another development is a computer based communications system such as electronic mail which allows people to communicate in an electronic mode through computer terminals. An office automation system can be described as a multi-function, integrated computer based system that allows many office activities to be performed in an electronic mode. Categories of different information systems with their characteristics have been described briefly in table below.
Computer Based Information Systems (CBIS) : What is CBIS, what its components are and which component is the most important. 1.0 Introduction A Computer Based Information System is an organised integration of hardware and software technologies and human elements designed to produce timely, integrated, accurate and useful information for decision making purposes. It is the combination of people, hardware, procedure, software and data which make up a computerized system that can interprete data into useful informations, developed by the people and for the people. A CBIS is an information system in which the computer plays a major role and the data is mostly collected, stored, and processed in digital format using computerized processes. Similarly, the information is delivered in digital format via computerized mechanisms. The objectives of this paper is to analyze what is Computer Based Information System (CBIS), what its components are and which component is the most important. There are five components in CBIS which is hardware, software, data, people and procedures. The components works together to form a computer based information system. People seems to be the most important component in CBIS. Hardware consists of the physical components of a computer that performs the input, processing, storage, and output activities of the computer. The term hardware refers to machinery. This
The curation of this content is at the discretion of the author, and not necessarily reflective of the views of Encyclopaedia Britannica or its editorial staff. For the most accurate and up-to-date information, consult individual encyclopedia entries about the topics. © Elliotcrippen/Dreamstime.com The computer age introduced a new element to businesses, universities, and a multitude of other organizations: a set of components called the information system, which deals with collecting and organizing data and information. An information system is described as having five components.
|