Before we determine the value of the resistor in the circuit, it is necessary to understand in which manner resistors are connected with each other. Resistors can be connected in either in series or parallel combination. In this article, let us know about the resistors in series and parallel combinations. Show
When resistors are connected end-to-end with each other, they are said to be connected in a series combination. Consider two resistors, namely R1 and R2, connected in series combination. The total voltage across the resistors is given by V = R1+R2. When resistors are connected across each other in a circuit, they are said to be connected in parallel combination. Consider two resistors, namely R1 and R2, connected in parallel combination. The total resistance across the voltage is given by 1/R = 1/R1+1/R2. Part A Viva QuestionsPart B ExperimentPart B Viva Questions Resistors In Series And Parallela) Determination of the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in parallel.A circuit is said to be in a parallel connection when the resistors are connected in such a way that they branch out from one point. The potential difference in a parallel circuit is the same for each resistor and the current flow is not the same for all resistors. The total current flow through the circuit is calculated by summing up the current flow through each resistor. Parallel circuit connections find application in household electric distribution. The reason why a parallel circuit is preferred is to avoid short circuits and to monitor the flow of current for different devices. The other type of circuit is a series connection. Below is an experiment to determine the equivalent resistance when the resistors are connected in parallel. AimTo determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in parallel. TheoryIf the resistors are connected in parallel along with a battery, then the total current I is calculated as a sum of the separate value of current through each branch. It is given as: I = I1+I2+I3+…. Materials Required
Procedure
Observation Table
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Precautions
Viva QuestionsQ1. What happens to the total resistance when resistors are combined in parallel? Ans: When the resistors are combined in parallel, the total resistance will be less. Q2. When the resistors are connected in parallel, name the physical quantity that remains constant. Ans: The physical quantity that remains constant when the resistors are connected in parallel is the voltage. Q3. How to calculate equivalent resistance when three resistors are connected in parallel? Ans: Following is the formula used to calculate the equivalent resistance when three resistors are connected in parallel:
Q4. What will be the net resistance if two resistors with 3 Ω and 6 Ω resistance are connected in parallel? Ans: The net resistance of the resistors connected in parallel is given as: \(\begin{array}{l}\frac{1}{R_{p}}=\frac{1}{R_{1}}+\frac{1}{R_{2}}\end{array} \) \(\begin{array}{l}\frac{1}{R_{p}}=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{6}\end{array} \) \(\begin{array}{l}=\frac{3}{6}\end{array} \) \(\begin{array}{l}\Rightarrow R_{p}=\frac{6}{3}=2\Omega\end{array} \) Q5. What would be the total resistance when the resistors are connected in parallel with resistors value 3Ω? Ans: The total resistance of the resistors connected in parallel is given as: \(\begin{array}{l}\frac{1}{R_{p}}=\frac{1}{R_{1}}+\frac{1}{R_{2}}+\frac{1}{R_{3}}\end{array} \) \(\begin{array}{l}\frac{1}{R_{p}}=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3}=\frac{3}{3}=1\end{array} \) \(\begin{array}{l}\Rightarrow R_{p}=1\Omega\end{array} \) b) Determination of the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series.In a series connection, the current flows through one resistor and then the other. The current flowing through each resistor is the same as the current flows in one direction. The total voltage is the sum of all the voltage drops across the resistors. There are few drawbacks of a series circuit, and they are:
AimTo determine the equivalent resistance of two resistors when connected in series. TheoryDepending on the combination and connections in a circuit, the resistance can be increased or decreased. The difference between the series and parallel circuit is based on the arrangement of the resistors. Resistors are said to be connected in series if their ends are joined. The potential difference across each resistor would be different but the current would be the same. If two resistors are connected in series then; Resistance, R = R1+R2 Current, I = constant Potential difference, V = V1+V2 On applying Ohm’s law, we get, V1 = IR1 V2 +IR2 V = V1+V2 V = I(R1+R2) ∴ R = R1+R2 Materials Required
Circuit DiagramProcedure
Observation Table
Result
Hence, it is verified that Rs=R1+R2. Precautions
Viva QuestionsQ1. What will be the total resistance of two resistors connected in series with value 2 Ω and 3 Ω? Ans: The total resistance is given as: R = R1 + R2 ∴ R = 2 Ω + 3 Ω = 5 Ω Q2. Determine the voltmeter reading for a series circuit if a current of 5A is flowing through 2 Ω and 3 Ω resistors. Ans: The voltmeter reading across the 2 Ω resistor is given as: V =IR V1= 5 × 2 = 10V The voltmeter reading across the 3 Ω resistor is given as: V =IR V2= 5 × 3 = 15V ∴ V = V1+V2 V = 10 + 15 = 25V Q3. How should the resistor be connected so that the resultant resistance is increased? Ans: To get the resultant resistance maximum, the resistors should be connected in series. Q4. What will be the total resistance if two equal resistors are connected in series? Ans: If two equal resistors are connected in series, then the total resistance is given as: R + R = 2R. Q5. Where should the voltmeter be connected when the resistors are in series? Ans: The voltmeter should be connected parallel when the resistors are in series. Stay tuned with BYJU’S to learn more about other Physics related experiments. Hope you have understood and learnt about the resistors in series and parallel combination. To know more about various circuit components, visit BYJU’S – The Learning App! |