What are several things that are used to reduce the heat created by the central processing unit in a computer?

Consider where your computer is situated — is it in a particularly warm place? Make sure your system isn't near a heat vent or in a temperature-sensitive area (i.e. near a window). Often simply changing the location of your system can help keep it cool.
Take a look at where your computer is positioned and remove any obstacles that restrict airflow. For best performance, you'll want to leave two to three inches of space on all sides of your computer. Also, take a look at your computer desk – does it relegate your system to an enclosed cabinet or drawer? If your system is in an enclosed space, it faces an increased risk of overheating.
While it may seem counterintuitive, an open case doesn't help regulate internal temperatures – it actually does the opposite and restricts them. A closed case helps your system remain cool because it reduces the impact of dust and debris on the cooling fans. Too much dirt can make your fans slow down or quit working altogether. Cases are designed for effective air handling, and with fans and proper intake, you can maintain the reliability of your system's components.
Dust and dirt can wreak havoc on your first line of temperature defense: your fans. When you open your case, you should be able to find several fans: one on top of the CPU, one inside the power supply, and perhaps one or more on the front or back of the case. Simply power down your computer and use a canned air duster to remove the dirt from each fan. You'll want to avoid using vacuums when cleaning because the static they produce often does more damage than heat.
Your CPU is arguably one of the most sensitive (and expensive) components inside your computer, and it has the highest potential to overheat. Most CPUs come preinstalled with lower-end fans that are engineered to cool your processor just enough to keep it running—and nothing more. For this reason, you'll want to consider upgrading to a better CPU fan, which can help keep CPU temperatures down. Keep in mind, however, that your CPU fan can only cool to the lowest temperature in your case, regardless of how well-designed your CPU fan is.
Upgrading your CPU fan is a start, but adding case fans can also be a big help. Since performance-enhancing memory and graphic cards generate a lot of heat, case fans can help increase airflow to your components by attaching to the front and back of your system. Many of our Ballistix customers opt to install two case fans: one to move cool air into the PC and another to move warm air out of the PC. If you decide to add case fans, make sure that the intake and exhaust levels match. Why? If you install an 80mm fan in the front of your case and a 120mm fan in the back, the differential will create dead air and negative pressure, leading to an increased potential to overheat.
Memory is one of the components in your system that's most likely to overheat. To help keep temperatures down (especially when overclocking), we recommend a cooling fan, which helps eliminate dead spots of airflow within your system's memory area.
A PC's power supply has an integrated fan, and if you don't have a case fan, the power supply fan is the only thing pushing hot air out of your system. If it's not working properly, your system will heat up quickly. If your power supply fan isn't working, replace it as soon as possible.
For gaming systems with high-end CPUs and overclocked components, often the fastest fans can't keep up with the increased temperatures. To solve this problem, many gamers opt for water cooling kits as a way to cool the CPU. In a water cooling kit, a pump cycles cold water down to the CPU in self-contained tubes, then pumps the water out of the system where it can be cooled before returning to the CPU for additional cooling. If you're comfortable performing a technical installation, water cooling kits are safe and relatively affordable.
While overclocking can maximize the performance of your components, it also pushes your system's capabilities to the limit, which almost always results in higher temperatures. If you're overclocking with Ballistix modules, you can use our custom Ballistix M.O.D. utility to monitor temperatures in real-time. Regardless of how you're overclocking, make sure you take additional precautions to improve your system's cooling ability.

It's not hard to keep your system cool, and with a few simple steps you can quickly have your system running at a more sustainable level than it was before. By taking action now to cool your system, you'll save money and increase the longevity of your system.

Your computer contains a lot of parts, almost all of which create heat when your computer is on. Some parts, like the CPU and graphics card, can get so hot you could cook on them.

In a properly configured desktop or laptop computer, much of this heat is moved out of the computer's case by several fans. If your computer isn't removing the hot air fast enough, the temperature can get so hot that you risk serious damage to your PC. Needless to say, keeping your computer cool should be a top priority.

Below are 11 computer cooling solutions that anyone can do. Many are free or very inexpensive, so there's really no excuse to let your computer overheat and cause damage.

The easiest thing you can do to help keep your computer cool is to give it a little breathing room by removing any obstacles to airflow.

Make sure there's nothing sitting right against any side of the computer, especially the back. Most of the hot air flows out of the back end of the computer case. There should be at least 2–3 inches open on either side and the back should be completely open and unobstructed.

If your computer is hidden away inside a desk, make sure the door isn't closed all the time. Cool air enters from the front and sometimes from the sides of the case. If the door is closed all day, hot air tends to recycle inside the desk, getting hotter and hotter the longer the computer is running.

An urban legend about desktop computer cooling is that running your computer with the case open will keep it cooler. It does seem logical—if the case is open, there would be more airflow which would help keep the computer cooler.

The missing puzzle piece here is dirt. When the case is left open, dust and debris clog the cooling fans faster than when the case is closed. This causes the fans to slow down and fail much quicker than usual. A clogged up fan does a terrible job at cooling your expensive computer components.

It's true that running your computer with the case open might provide a small benefit at first, but the increase in fan exposure to debris has a much greater impact on temperature over the long run.

The fans inside your computer are there to keep it cool. Do you know what slows a fan down and then eventually makes it stop? Dirt—in the form of dust, pet hair, etc. It all finds a way into your computer and much of it gets stuck in the several fans.

One of the most effective ways to cool your PC is to clean the internal fans. There's a fan on top the CPU, one inside the power supply, and usually one or more on the front and/or back of the case.

Just shut your computer off, open up the case, and use canned air to remove the dirt from each fan. If your computer is really dirty, take it outside to clean or all that dirt will just settle elsewhere in the room, eventually ending up back inside your PC!

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Is the area you're using your computer just too hot or too dirty? Sometimes your only option is to move the computer. A cooler and cleaner area of the same room might be fine, but you may have to consider moving the computer somewhere else entirely.

If moving your computer just isn't an option, keep reading for more tips.

Moving your computer can cause damage to the sensitive parts inside if you're not careful. Be sure to unplug everything, don't carry too much at once, and sit things down very carefully. Your main concern will be your computer's case which holds all the important parts like your hard drive, motherboard, CPU, etc.

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Your CPU is probably the most sensitive and expensive part inside of your computer. It also has the most potential to overheat.

Unless you've replaced your CPU fan already, the one that's in your computer now is probably a bottom-of-the-line fan that cools your processor just enough to keep it working properly, and that's assuming it's running at full speed.

Many companies sell large CPU fans that help keep CPU temperature lower than a factory installed fan ever could.

A case fan is just a small fan that attaches to either the front or the back of a desktop computer case, from the inside.

Case fans help move air through a computer which, if you recall from the first several tips above, is the best way to ensure that those expensive parts don't get too hot.

Installing two case fans, one to move cool air into the PC and another to move warm air out of the PC, is a great way to keep a computer cool.

Case fans are even easier to install than CPU fans, so don't be afraid to get inside your computer to tackle this project.

Adding a case fan isn't an option with a laptop or tablet but a cooling pad is a great idea to help out.

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If you're not sure what overclocking is, you're probably not doing it and so you don't have to worry about it.

To the rest of you: you're well aware that overclocking pushes your computer's capabilities to its limits. What you may not realize is that these changes have a direct impact on the temperature that your CPU and any other overclocked components operate at.

If you're overclocking your PC's hardware but haven't taken other precautions to keep that hardware cool, we definitely recommend reconfiguring your hardware to factory default settings.

The power supply in your computer has a large fan built into it. The airflow you feel when you hold your hand behind your computer is coming from this fan.

If you don't have a case fan, the power supply fan is the only way that the hot air created inside your computer can be removed. Your computer can heat up quickly if this fan isn't working.

Unfortunately, you can't just replace the power supply fan. If this fan is no longer working, you'll need to replace the entire power supply.

It's true that the CPU is probably the biggest heat producer in your computer, but nearly every other component creates heat as well. Super fast memory and high-end graphics cards can often give the CPU a run for its money.

If you find that your memory, graphics card, or some other component is creating a lot of heat, you can cool them down with a component-specific fan. In other words, if your memory is running hot, buy and install a memory fan. If your graphics card is overheating during gameplay, upgrade to a larger graphics card fan.

With ever-faster hardware comes ever-hotter parts. Fan manufacturers know this and have created specialized fan solutions for nearly everything inside your computer.

In very high-end computers, heat buildup can become such a problem that even the fastest and most efficient fans can't cool the PC. In these cases, installing a water cooling kit can help. Water transfers heat well and can drastically reduce the temperature of a CPU.

"Water inside a computer? That doesn't sound safe!" Don't worry, the water, or other liquid, is completely enclosed inside the transfer system. A pump cycles cool liquid down to the CPU where it can absorb the heat and then it pumps the hot liquid out of your computer where the heat can dissipate.

Liquid cooling kits are easy to install, even if you've never upgraded a computer before.

Phase change units are the most drastic of cooling technologies.

A phase change unit can be thought of as a refrigerator for your CPU. It utilizes many of the same technologies to cool or even freeze a CPU.

Phase change units like the one pictured here range in price from $1,000 to $2,000 USD.

Similar enterprise-level PC cooling products can be $10,000 USD or more!

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